Spending Pattern and Financial Well-Being between Married and Unmarried Women
Abstract
This study seeks to determine the difference in the levels of financial well-being and spending patterns between married and unmarried women, the multidimensional effect of spending patterns (experiential, impulsive, self-expressive, pro-social and conspicuous) on financial well-being and the differential effect of spending patterns (experiential, impulsive, self-expressive, pro-social and conspicuous) on financial well-being between married and unmarried women. This study employed a quantitative approach. Data, which were collected from a sample of 400 women using a self-administered questionnaire, were analyzed using the Independent Samples T-test and Multiple Regression. The findings revealed that married women are more likely to have stronger financial well-being than unmarried women. Concerning spending patterns, unmarried women are more likely to spend impulsively. Prosocial and experiential spending has a significant positive effect on financial well-being, while impulsive spending has a negative impact. Spending greatly influences married women’s financial well-being than unmarried women. In particular, married women’s financial well-being can be achieved with an increase in prosocial spending and a decrease in impulsive spending. As for unmarried women, financial well-being can be achieved with an increase in prosocial spending. The findings provide useful information to fuel women to develop good spending habits that consequently improve their financial well-being, for themselves and Malaysian economics, as well as for the relevant parties to explore the plausible solutions to overcoming financial problems and high indebtedness. This study provides the differential effect of multiple spending patterns of women as a vulnerable group on the financial well-being. As concerns over the impact of different factors on financial well-being remain somewhat under-researched, this study is the first of its kind to investigate the role of various spending patterns in a single framework to understand the comprehensive impact of spending in promoting financial well-being, particularly among women.
Keywords: financial well-being, women’s spending, experiential spending, impulsive spending, pro-social spending.
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