Politeness Representation in Tangguh Bukhasan Utterances in Lampung Pesisir Communities, Indonesia

Abstract

This study aims to explore (1) the principles of speech politeness and (2) the rules of speech behavior in Tangguh Bukhasan in the Lampung Coastal community. This study provides new findings regarding speech politeness that have not been found in previous studies. The data source is the speech of Tangguh Bukhasan, and 20 informants who were selected purposively in Pesawaran Regency, Lampung Province, Indonesia. Data analysis was carried out by the practical matching method to determine primary determinants and normative approach. The finding indicates that the realization of the six maxims of the Leech model affected the Bukhasan speech of the Lampung coastal community. However, the essence of politeness of Leech (1983) is still general and needs to be developed with the presence of maxims of speech behavior. The politeness does not only talk about interpersonal but also about the rules of speech behavior that bind it. Speech in deliberation must use polite speech, with language procedures prevailing in the community. The linguistic ethics contained in Tangguh Bukhasan's speech include the use of the Perwatin language variety and social identity markers in the form of a customary title (adok) in each greeting, organizing ideas by agreeing on when to start speaking, the interlocutor, the information correctness from the couple who want to get married, marriage assistance, and the weeding time, reviewing the questions or intentions of the interlocutor before the speaker responds to the questions or intentions spoken, and starting the turn to speak when the speech is marked by the word "khesan" at the end of the speech. Furthermore, this research can be used in the linguistics study, especially in sociopragmatics. Through this field of science, findings were obtained why someone uses language and practices that language.

Keywords: linguistic etiquette, politeness, polite speech, tangguh bukhasan.