Indonesia is the Last Stronghold of Balancing Power in Indo-Pacific

Abdullah Zulkifli, Makarim Wibisono, Anak Agung Banyu Perwita, Jonni Mahroza

Abstract

This article explores Indonesia's strategic role in maintaining regional stability within the Indo-Pacific amidst escalating US-China rivalry. Through qualitative analysis of diplomatic activities, defense policies, regional cooperation frameworks, and related previous studies, this study delves into Indonesia's approach to conflict resolution and peacekeeping efforts through dialogues, negotiations, and adherence to international law in alignment with the spirit of ASEAN's cooperative principles.

The main findings reveal that Indonesia, together with ASEAN, emphasizes diplomatic engagement and regional mechanisms such as the ASEAN Outlook on the Indo-Pacific (AOIP) to address geopolitical challenges. This conciliatory stance contrasts with the ongoing militarization in the region, as evidenced by increased defense spending among ASEAN countries in response to heightened security concerns, particularly over the South China Sea disputes. Despite these challenges, ASEAN efforts aim to maintain a status quo that fosters collective well-being and avoids being drawn into external conflicts.

This article underscores Indonesia's pivotal role in balancing power dynamics through impartial diplomacy, which avoids alliances favoring one major power over another. This strategy is instrumental in de-escalating conflicts and fostering a sense of neutrality and peace in the region.

While ASEAN member countries have different proximities, Indonesia makes its best efforts to maintain ASEAN's neutrality as a regional power in the middle of a major power rivalry. This article presents an argument regarding Indonesia's strong support for AOIP implementation. Although Indonesia is Southeast Asia's largest economy, military, and population, it tries to keep national interests in line with regional interests rather than pursue its agenda and neglects its neighbors’ concerns.

This study contributes to the discourse on regional security by highlighting the uniqueness of Indonesia and ASEAN's approach to navigating the complex web of international relations in the Indo-Pacific, marking a significant departure from traditional power politics. The exploration of ASEAN's diplomatic and defence strategies in maintaining regional stability offers fresh insights into cooperative security mechanisms, presenting a novel perspective on conflict resolution in a globally strategic area.

 

Keywords: Indonesia, ASEAN Outlook on Indo-Pacific, Balance Power, Middle-Power, South China Sea.

 

DOI: https://doi.org/10.55463/hkjss.issn.1021-3619.63.43


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