Hong Kong Journal of Social Sciences

This study evaluates the implementation of diversion policy for children in conflict with the law within the Indonesian juvenile justice system in the context of restorative justice. Diversion is intended to protect children from the negative consequences of formal criminal proceedings while promoting accountability, recovery, and social reintegration. This study employed a qualitative evaluative design based on Stake’s Countenance Evaluation Model, which examines policy implementation through three dimensions: antecedents, transactions, and outcomes. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and document analysis related to diversion practices and were analyzed using thematic analysis involving coding, categorization, and theme development. The findings indicate that the legal framework and institutional structures supporting diversion have generally been established; however, limitations remain in terms of human resource capacity, competencies in facilitating restorative justice processes, and the availability of supporting facilities and infrastructure. The implementation process generally follows the procedural stages required by existing regulations, although variations were identified in the quality of restorative dialogue, levels of participation, inter-agency coordination, and the consistency of implementation across cases. The findings further suggest that diversion has generated positive initial impacts by preventing children from entering formal judicial proceedings and creating opportunities for recovery and social reintegration. Nevertheless, the sustainability of these outcomes remains influenced by the quality of implementation, family support, post-diversion monitoring, and broader social acceptance. In addition, monitoring and follow-up mechanisms have not yet been implemented in a systematic and standardized manner. These findings highlight the importance of strengthening institutional capacity, enhancing restorative justice competencies among practitioners, improving cross-sector coordination, and developing sustainable monitoring mechanisms to improve the effectiveness of diversion implementation for children in conflict with the law.

Keywords: Diversion; Restorative Justice; Juvenile Justice; Policy Evaluation; Children in Conflict with the Law.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.55463/hkjss.issn.1021-3619.67.5

"Indigenous inhabitants" of New Territories occupy a distinctive constitutional position in Hong Kong enshrined by the Basic Law, yet this legal category is substantially a product of colonial land administration and the 1972 Small House Policy. This article asks how the legal identity of the indigenous inhabitant was constructed, and how Article 40's guarantee of 'lawful traditional rights and interests' should be reconciled with equality norms and with the heritage interests of Hakka and Weitou lineages now exposed to the Northern Metropolis development. Employing a doctrinal-historical method, the article advances three findings. First, "indigenous inhabitant" is a legal artifact of colonial land registration, not a primordial ethnic category. Second, in Kwok Cheuk Kin (2021) and Chan Wah (2000), the Court of Final Appeal has produced a layered constitutional regime in which political rights are subject to equality review while economic entitlements remain insulated under Article 40. Third, this article proposes that cultural heritage — Hakka and Weitou language, ritual, and built environment — may be interpreted as a derivative right under Article 40, operationalized through a statutory Heritage Impact Assessment for the Northern Metropolis. The findings contribute to debates on indigenous rights, customary land, and heritage governance in post-colonial East Asian jurisdictions.

Keywords: Indigenous Inhabitants; Hakka; Weitou; Customary Land; Constitutional Protection; Article 40; Northern Metropolis.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.55463/hkjss.issn.1021-3619.67.4

This study aims to examine the role of local communities in building collective resilience in response to terrorist attacks on religious symbols. Drawing on structuration theory and social capital theory, it explores the complex relationship between community resilience and local wisdom in a post-terrorism context. The research was conducted in Solo, Indonesia, and involved 15 purposively selected participants, including religious leaders, interfaith community leaders, cultural practitioners, government officials, youth activists, and survivors. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observation of cultural and interfaith activities, and analysis of policy documents and program archives. The data were then analyzed thematically using an interactive analysis model. The study identifies four main themes. First, local wisdom and cultural practices serve as the primary basis for restoring interfaith relations. Second, the structuration process occurs through collaboration between local agents, including the FRH, the Ministry of Religious Affairs, the city government, communities, young people, and universities, and institutional structures and religious moderation programs. Third, the revitalization of public space and cultural practices functions as a means of promoting peace, strengthening social trust, reducing the stigma of violence, and fostering a new habitus of tolerance, thereby enhancing social resilience. Fourth, challenges remain in sustaining community engagement in resilience-building efforts related to pluralism and interfaith dialogue. The study highlights the importance of a local wisdom-based social reconstruction approach in developing religious moderation policies and preventing extremism at the local level.

Keywords: religious tolerance; local wisdom; community resilience; religious moderation; post-terrorism; social structuration.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.55463/hkjss.issn.1021-3619.67.3

The rapid development of generative artificial intelligence provides new possibilities and more accessible methods for artistic creation. Classical poetry, as an important treasure of Chinese culture, possesses enduring cultural value and social significance, while also showing new prospects for inheritance and development in the digital era. The instrumental attributes of large AI models have lowered the threshold for classical poetry composition by providing standardized forms, creative inspiration, and textual materials, thereby stimulating broader participation in poetic creation. However, AI-generated classical poetry still shows limitations in content depth, emotional expression, aesthetic coherence, and cultural connotation. Therefore, the artistic subjectivity of human creators remains irreplaceable. With the continuous development of generative artificial intelligence and the refinement of human-computer collaboration models, the creation and inheritance of classical poetry may enter a new stage of development.

Keywords: generative artificial intelligence; classical poetry composition; cultural inheritance; human-machine collaboration; AI hallucination.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.55463/hkjss.issn.1021-3619.67.2

Purpose: Drawing on conservation of resources (COR) theory, this study investigates how benevolent sexism (BS) affects women’s career growth through the mediating mechanism of self-depletion, while examining the moderating role of employee mindfulness in mitigating the adverse effects of BS.
Methods: Data were collected from 388 female employees across multiple industries in Chinese state-owned enterprises using a snowball sampling approach, with a response rate of 86.2%. The hypotheses were tested using structural equation modeling and moderated mediation analysis with Mplus 8.3 and the SPSS PROCESS macro.
Results: The findings demonstrate that BS negatively affects career growth both directly and indirectly by increasing self-depletion. Self-depletion serves as a significant mediator in the relationship between BS and career growth. In addition, employee mindfulness moderates the first stage of the mediated relationship, such that the indirect effect of BS on career growth through self-depletion is weaker when mindfulness is high.
Conclusion: This study develops an integrated theoretical framework that explains how BS impedes women’s career growth through psychological resource depletion while identifying mindfulness as a protective psychological resource. The findings extend COR theory by revealing the resource-depleting nature of BS and demonstrating how mindfulness may help preserve psychological resources in response to workplace stressors. The study also provides a theoretical foundation for future research on additional mediating and moderating mechanisms and offers practical implications for organizational interventions.

Keywords: benevolent sexism; self-depletion; career growth; employee mindfulness; conservation of resources theory.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.55463/hkjss.issn.1021-3619.67.1